Spinal osteochondrosis is a chronic process of the intervertebral discs dystrophy, which is characterized by their elasticity and hydrophilia decrease (the discs seem to shrink, their height decreases). Because of the fluid loss, discs lose their damping function, and the spine is no longer able to withstand the loads. The fibrous disc membrane is getting thin and damaged; it creates micro-cracks and ruptures, through which the pulpous core contents can come out.
Thus, the intervertebral discs bulging develop toward the vertebral canal (so called protrusions and hernias). In addition, the functional spinal unit instability and the bone spurs formation (osteophytes) develop, that worsens the osteochondrosis course. Spine osteochondrosis leads to a reversible incapacitation across the population, and in 70% of cases back pain accounted for the main its cause. With age, the risk of its development significantly increases, but in recent decades, signs of osteochondrosis can be found in patients under 30 years of age.
Considering the fact that spine osteochondrosis is found among people of completely different ages, professions and way of life, it is difficult to clearly identify the main reasons for its development. It is believed that osteochondrosis is a multifactorial disease that can develop in absolutely any person with a certain predisposition and in presence of initiating agents.
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